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The Third Side As Conflict Resolution Form

As The Third Side Conflict Resolution Form

(Chapter III of Book Conflict Resolution)

Violence is the fear of the Ideals of others. Gandhi

this review, is simply a response to a need to notify all interested in the topic that is so important theory developed by Dr. William Ury, author of the book, Achieve Peace " I agree to my experiences have been developed and applied in Venezuela. As I explain in the book of my authorship, conflict resolution, how to transform the problem peacefully, for me is a challenge that a negotiator acted as a third side. You know that the implementation of the Third Side is a form of conflict and to catalyze a unique experience. This way of resolving conflicts, leading to a new way to turning situations, both at home, work and the world. Now is the Third Side? The Third Side, are those people once they know and have the tools to negotiate, bet on the triple triumph. That is, if in a negotiation, we take care to analyze the interests of the parties with whom we negotiate, on the third hand, what is sought is to target and deepen common interests, that is what will help solve the situation presented. For example in a conflict in a community, common interests, there are several, for example, the functioning of public services, health care, the best interests of children and adolescents, non-violence, ie peace and therefore productivity. What are the characteristics of a person acting as a third hand? These are people who abhor violence and value life, so they are pro dialogue, negotiation pro pro agreement. Here, the noted author stresses that the third side has several roles, such as mediator, facilitator, observer, referee. In this sense, it is important that they are people of the community, where their contribution is really valid. Likewise, the third side exercised the power of peer influence is exercised on public opinion and population. And as I indicated earlier, the triple win bets, managing to meet the legitimate needs. An important aspect is that the third side, highlights the level of responsibility they have, that is, this person, prevents the conflict from becoming destructive. In describing the destructive conflict, will be one where there is no dialogue, no negotiations and no deals. The challenge of the third side is Transforming the constructive conflict, where there is dialogue, negotiation and agreements. Fundamentals of a third side, suffice to say a non-acceptance, meaning that there is tolerance and to stop violence. A highlight important experience for South Africa., Where at the time of the transformation of that conflict seemed miraculous, but that was due to coordinated actions and practices of the third side. In many societies, the third side, you see when he appears as a social immune system and in case of international conflict have been addressed, Ury explains, the intervention of the employer, church, students, women and the role of media are extremely important to the real transformation of the conflict. Note that this latest development does not mi libro, pero es producto de una conferencia dictada por el en el programa Fortalecer la Paz en Venezuela, llevadas por Centro Carter y el Programa de Naciones Unidas en Venezuela en el año 2002.Invito a que lean mi libro y luego vean la película Invictus. Lucy Amado

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Osama Bin Laden

Gloria Alvarez Desanti, DPhil.

On 11 September 2001, like many residents of the suburbs of Washington DC, I happened to see the sunrise over the capital. The route to the Potomac River at that time always invites reflection on the wonders of nature and give thanks to the creation of what has given you. No one imagined that such a beautiful day that began like any other for residents of Washington and New York, in a few hours would mark a radical change in national security policy for the greatest military power on the planet. Not even three hours, international terrorism strongly punish the American people. The destruction of the Twin Towers in New York, the damage to the Pentagon in Washington and the fall of Flight 93 in Shanksville, Pennsylvania claimed the lives of nearly 3000 people.

The responsibility for these acts was Osama Bin Laden son of a Yemeni and a Syrian mother. His father managed to create a strong property, which allowed him to give their children a life similar to that of the Saudi princes. In his college years Bin Laden is influenced by fundamentalist teachers whose aim was to liberate Islam from foreign domination, ultra orthodox Sunni interpretation. With the death of his father is said to inherit 80 million dollars. It has been argued that his fortune was as high as $ 300 million. After college he joined the family business work. Leaving work in 1979 to join the movement that fought against the Russian invasion in Afghanistan, based on Jihad, holy war. At the time these movements against the Soviet Union were funded by the U.S..

In 1980 he founded Al Qaeda, an organization based jihadist cell organization with quasi-tribal loyalties. With militants in Pakistan, Indonesia, Algeria, Uzbekistan, Syria, Philippines, Kosovo, Chechnya, West Bank, Lebanon, Iraq and Gaza. The main objective of the organization, according to Bin Laden's own statements were civilians and U.S. military. Its problems arose during the U.S. war against Iraq in 1990 by the U.S. military invasion of the sacred lands and their attempts to topple the Saudi royals.

Attacks by Al Qaeda dating back to 1992 in Yemen, 1993 in New York and Somalia, 1994 in Iran, 1995 in Saudi Arabia, 1998 in Tanzania, 2000 in Yemen, 2001 States States, 2002 in Tunisia, Pakistan, Yemen, Indonesia and Kenya, 2003 in Morocco, two in Saudi Arabia, Indonesia and Turkey, 2004 in the Philippines, Spain, four in Saudi Arabia, 2005 London Egypt, Jordan and Algeria, 2006 in Algeria and 2008 in Pakistan.

Terrorism begets more violence. In turn, the activities of Al Qaeda were used by President Bush to justify military action in Afghanistan and the invasion of Iraq. We hope that the death of Bin Laden does not have the outcome of further attacks. There are reasons for optimism, the situation Today in the Middle East shows that the world is changing. In many countries, people have taken to the streets to demand their rights. We want the death of Bin Laden has closed a dark chapter in our contemporary geopolitics. And instead, to open public space for understanding. We note the words of Martin Luther King "Darkness can not defeat the darkness, only light can do that. Hatred can not be defeated with hate, only love can do that. "

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social networks and political change arises

Gloria Alvarez Desanti, DPhil

The

Network of life have become the tool of communication technology more grows every day worldwide, has contributed to the democratization of information, providing space for the political opinion of cyber-activists without this necessarily involve the participation policy, but can only express discontent, have a debate on governance, or the behavior of politicians. Internet penetration is still low in developing countries, but we should note is that citizens feel that their interventions in cyberspace can influence decision making and this we must understand the political.

We can not deny the growth of social networks in our country. Eight hundred eleven thousand people use networks, however, we sin when we extrapolate the success achieved elsewhere in the U.S. especially in the case of Costa Rica. For various reasons our political reality is very different, access to the Internet, despite its rapid growth, it is compared to the northern neighbor. But more and even the U.S. has been able to quantify whether the gain or loss of a presidential election due to new technological tool. A counterexample may be mentioned that the expenditure of Global political propaganda every day grows more in the mainstream media, especially television.

believe that the role of social networks in the Middle East has been overstated. While it is true that networks play an essential role as a technological tool that helped spread the message and report on the unfolding political situation at the time, the networks themselves do not make a revolution. This can only be given if the conditions for economic and political conditions permit. networks are not able to contribute to social change if the economic and social conditions are not present. The political role played by the Muslim Brotherhood through the years working with economically disadvantaged groups and the media can not be ignored in Egypt as one of the factors that led the recent events. If there are no organized groups or political parties, which can generate chaos is a lack of political organization.

In the last municipal elections in our country, in December 2010, the networks were used for partisan campaigning. But the work of local leadership in the metropolitan area was factor, let alone in rural areas where the Internet has a very limited influence.

In conclusion, a reflection. Social networks should not be a means of avoiding political responsibility, as often happens. The complaint should be part of a commitment to action and their motivations.

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extreme right in Europe

Gloria Alvarez Desanti, DPhil

The failures of governments in Europe to the consequences of the global economic crisis and recent events in the Middle East have created an environment suitable for the strengthening of the extreme right in Europe and their arguments against migrants. This can be seen in the statements of Marine Le Pen, the new French leader of the National Front in France, during his visit to immigration detention center on the Italian island of Lampedusa. Mrs. Le Pen declares "If I only listen to my heart, of course I would leave up to my ship ... but my boat is too fragile and, if I bring my ship will sink ... Europe has capacity to welcome all these illegal immigrants. " Also, British Prime Minister, David Cameron said that Britain would not "mass immigration ... immigrants have an unwillingness to learn English and integrate into communities."

In recent surveys of voting intentions for the upcoming French presidential elections of 2012, Marine Le Pen has a 24% acceptance and President Nicolas Sarkozy at 19%.

right-wing parties have been strengthened since the nineties in northern Europe, some only at regional levels. Among the parties that have gained ground in Germany we have the Republican Party, German People's Union, the National Democratic Party, in Australia the Freedom Party, the Flemish Bloc in Belgium, in Denmark Danish People's Party, in Italy the Northern League and the National Alliance, in Norway the Progress Party, and in Portugal the Popular Party, among others. All are marked by hostility towards immigrants, concerns about the growing activities of Islamic terrorists, the consequences of globalization and, more recently, resentment toward the European Union and the cost of rescuing the country from its crisis taxation, especially Greece. In Denmark right-wing policies in Parliament took them to reduce aid to developing countries. For its part, Spain Force Survey of the National Institute Statistics showed that unemployment in the first quarter of 2011 was 21.29%. These levels of unemployment inevitably have political consequences and simplistic answers from the extreme right can be attractive.

The evidence seems to show that they have weakened the regional integration model and the ideal of multiculturalism. The optimism that surrounded the adoption of the euro is now gone. Instead, it begins to appear sort intolerant nationalism reigns anti-Islamism, exacerbated by rising unemployment. Europe lived in the century past traumatic experiences of bigotry, racism, scapegoating and genocide, which were accompanied or preceded by high unemployment and economic instability. The second part of the twentieth century evolved successfully into a model of tolerance, multiculturalism and integration even as insurance against the fratricidal war. Today, with generational changes they see as far the first half of the twentieth century and return specter of unemployment and with this, the intolerance of the right approaches to become more tempting. Europe must deal with a changing world, characterized by factors such as globalization, immigration and transnational security challenges, but must do so by sacrificing the high ideals that have motivated.

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Gloria Rodríguez Álvarez Desanti and Glorianna

While the Arab struggle for democratic states, Pakistan's blasphemy law claims more lives of religious minorities, and leads the country into a culture of fear and repression. This has led to groups of human rights defenders to make the allegations of the case.

The blasphemy law has its origin in the Penal Code of India during British colonial rule its purpose was to protect places of worship of all religions. In the 80's, the law is changed during the dictatorship of General Zia ul Haq and passed to punish any derogatory comments against the Prophet Muhammad with the death penalty. Christians, Sikhs, Parsis and the minority Hindu Ahdmadi have been victims of false statements in light of this law. Many times that there are conflicts or problems between the business communities.

In November 2010, was sentenced to death for blasphemy the first woman, Bibi Asia. Human Rights Watch said that the social persecution and legal discrimination have been widespread in Punjab against religious minorities. It has a record of more than 38 executions have been documented, including the Punjab Governor Salman Taseer and Federal Minister for Minorities Affairs, Shahbaz Bhatti.

intolerance is growing every day in Pakistani society, and inability to combat eliminate the freedom of expression. In his last interview to the BBC, the Minister Bhatti said "I will be killed, I will be beheaded by the forces of extremism because it is against the law of blasphemy." Bhatti fought to change the law used to settle accounts in the name of religion.

Pakistan People's Party and the opposition Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz fighting for their own political survival and are unwilling to confront the groups defending the law on blasphemy. These groups operate with impunity. Do not fear anyone. In the absence of a strong and effective legal system, they see no reason to coexist with the groups that have different religious views and political.

Locke points out that civil society should be a balance between natural rights and public order. In this context, the state will not absolute, but must respect these rights are innate. Locke argues that statehood is summarized in the fact that most humans prefer to avoid conflict. That is why, with such live in a stable and peaceful society, are willing to limit some of their rights and accept the supremacy and enforcement actions of government.

is developed and a "social contract." This philosophical figure is not limited to a historical event or a political event. Rather, the "social contract" refers to the phenomenon where the state is playing an active role in society in order to maintain peace and common welfare.

In other words, the State should not only use its punitive powers against those who violate the law, but must run and reform and the measures necessary in each context to maintain the common welfare. No society is static. Are changing. It is for this reason that the state function of ensuring the common good does not respond to an arithmetic equation. Can not be predetermined. A contrario, must answer the social reality and deal with this complex dynamic.

From the philosophical perspective, the state in Pakistan has failed its primary goal, its raison d'etre. He has allowed extremists to move from being participants in the national discourse to be the main voice. At this time are those who drive the discourse.

In conclusion, the state function should not allow that promotes racial or religious hatred, especially not incite acts of violence. In Pakistan, to the governmental failures, the extremist message has taken a position of social prominence. is a voice that has blood on his hands. But the trouble is that this has caused a political reaction. Both the government and the opposition prefer to keep their silence. Essentially not want to lose political points. Are violated and the rights of religious minorities and the State ceased to be the guarantor of the social contract.

http://www.ennioygloria.com

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Pakistan Youth: promise or threat? China India

Gloria Alvarez Desanti, DPhil.

In Latin America and the Caribbean, 40% of the population is under 30 years. In Costa Rica the electoral roll consists of 42% of young people today and this percentage will increase.

The importance of investing in youth development is essential. Through this we can reduce poverty. appropriate policies are not taking it far enough. programs are needed social inclusion. are not developing appropriate programs of vocational and technical training that young people need to address labor market needs, and are dedicated enough resources in the region to do so. Young people are facing a crisis of global employment and recent developments of the Middle East prove it. Not enough jobs for young people and this could go worse every day. projections of the International Labour Organization is that in Latin America during the next ten years, a billion young people will enter the labor market and this will not be able to absorb them.

Some consider it necessary to create greater opportunities to develop entrepreneurial and financial young people to enable them to develop their own business. no clutch, if the region continues to grow economically, we know that any project in this direction will not fruit in the expected range.

In Latin America 83 million children living in poverty are daily victims of violence and social exclusion . prevention programs are needed of violent behavior, drug treatment, prevention of teenage pregnancies that aggravate poverty reproduction. most explosive combination is in the cities of our region's poverty, violence and drugs that trap young people in vicious circles from which escape is difficult and expensive rehabilitation programs. gangs or maras become attractive, hard fight, and increasingly linked to drug cartels.

Young people must be part of the country. should participate in making policy decisions the nation. remember that young people throughout history have played an effective role in transforming social and political values \u200b\u200bas in the Revolution of 1968 (Mexico, Finland), May 1968 in France, opposition to the Vietnam War, Revolution Jasmine in Tunisia and the youth revolution in Egypt. can also be a positive source of change.

The point is that the older generation and values \u200b\u200bproperly reflect our responsibilities to the development of youth. Our challenge is to be as clever enough to stimulate constructive youth struggle. Youth has lofty ideals, orientémoslos, let's help, giving them their space, to fight for a more just and fraternal society. Youth is generous, home and school must work together to develop the values \u200b\u200bof social justice, solidarity, equality, respect for others. We educate our children to be active part of the economic and social development that our country needs. But we have a broad social inclusion programs to combat the cycle of poverty and violence that can affect young people. Must perceive a real growth opportunities for alternatives to drugs and violence. We identify youth at risk and develop comprehensive and ambitious programs of prevention. Youth offers the promise of a better society, but society does not offer the ways of this promising future, we have to face increased violence and drug addiction.

http://www.ennioygloria.com